
Whether you’re buying or renting, be aware: your credit score will be scrutinized. These days, it’s scrutinized hard.
What is it? Your FICO score, a rating system developed by the Fair Issac Company, gives potential lenders and landlords a snapshot of how much you owe and if you pay your bills on time. Some employers check credit scores when hiring as a measure of reliability and discipline.
With onset of the current economic crisis—and so many mortgage defaults—lenders are raising the minimum acceptable credit score. What’s more, people with higher credit scores—who, therefore, pose less of a risk to lenders—are often offered the best interest rates on their loan.
FICO scores range from a low of 300 to a high of 850. Conventional mortgage lenders are typically looking for a score of 720 to qualify for the best rates. Fannie Mae just raised the minimum score they will accept from 580 to 620.
What’s in it? So the question remains, what factors are considered in the FICO score? Here’s a rundown of the five components:
1. Payment History—35%
Any lender will want to be sure the debt gets repaid. An indicator that this will happen is the borrower’s track record. Payment history has the most impact on your score. FICO watches your payment behavior on both revolving loans (credit cards) and installment loans (mortgages, car loans, student loans), so be sure to make payments consistently and on time.
2. Debt Amounts—30%
FICO looks at your total debt and how close you come to maxing out your credit cards. This illustrates whether or not you can handle debt responsibly. Keep those balances at 30% or less of your credit limits.
3. Length of Credit History—15%
A lender will want to know that you have handled your credit responsibly over a long period of time. If you’ve just recently taken out your first credit card, your score will be lower than after you’ve used it—and paid off the balance each month—for awhile.
4. New Credit—10%
Opening a lot of new credit accounts all at once is an indicator of financial difficulty. Stick to a few cards.
5. Credit Mix—10%
Borrowers who have a mix of installment and revolving accounts are considered able to manage credit well and represent less of a credit risk.
There are any number of online resources for ordering your credit score. Some charge a nominal fee, some are free. If you’d like to take your score for a test drive, MSN Money has an estimator that will give you a range.
Sources:
personal-debt-management.suite101.com/article.cfm/do_you_have_a_good_credit_score
articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Banking/YourCreditRating/the-new-math-of-FICO-credit-scores.aspx
articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Banking/YourCreditRating/weston-raise-your-credit-score-to-740.aspx